Dental Bridges

Dental bridges are fixed prosthetic devices used to replace one or more missing teeth by “bridging” the gap between existing teeth. They restore the appearance and function of the missing teeth, allowing for better chewing, speaking, and maintaining the natural shape of the face.

When to Consider a Dental Bridge

• You’re missing one or more teeth but have healthy teeth or implants on either side of the gap.
• You’re unable or unwilling to undergo implant surgery.
• You want a cost-effective, durable, and aesthetic solution for tooth replacement.

Benefits of Dental Bridges

Getting a dental bridge can offer numerous benefits for both oral health and overall quality of life. Here are the main reasons why someone might opt for a dental bridge:

1. Restore Functionality

Chewing: Replacing missing teeth makes it easier to chew food effectively, improving digestion and nutrition.

Speech: Missing teeth can impact speech clarity. A dental bridge helps maintain proper pronunciation and speech patterns.

2. Aesthetic Improvement

Filling the gap left by missing teeth restores the natural appearance of your smile, boosting confidence and self-esteem.

3. Maintain Facial Structure

Missing teeth can cause the surrounding bone to deteriorate over time, leading to a sunken facial appearance. A dental bridge helps support facial muscles and structure.

4. Prevent Teeth from Shifting

Gaps left by missing teeth can cause neighboring teeth to drift out of position, leading to bite issues, crowding, or misalignment. A bridge keeps teeth in their proper place.

5. Protect Oral Health

Bridges prevent excessive wear on remaining teeth, reducing the risk of damage, and help distribute the force of your bite evenly.

6. Quick and Non-Invasive Option

Compared to dental implants, bridges are less invasive and quicker to complete since they don’t require surgery.

Types of Dental Bridges

There are four main types of dental bridges, each suited for different needs and conditions. Here’s an overview:

1. Traditional Dental Bridges

Structure: Uses dental crowns on the abutment teeth to anchor the bridge. The pontic (false tooth) fills the gap.

Best for: Gaps with natural teeth on both sides.

Pros: Strong and durable. Works well for molars that handle heavy chewing.

Cons: Requires filing down the adjacent healthy teeth to place crowns.

2. Cantilever Dental Bridges

Structure: Anchored by a crown on only one abutment tooth.

Best for: Situations where there is only one adjacent tooth next to the gap.

Pros: Useful for specific scenarios with limited support options.

Cons: Less stable than traditional bridges. Not ideal for back teeth due to higher chewing forces.

3. Maryland Bonded Bridges (Resin-Bonded Bridges)

Structure: Uses a framework (made of metal or porcelain) bonded to the backs of the adjacent teeth. Minimal alteration of natural teeth.

Best for: Front teeth where aesthetic concerns are a priority.

Pros: Conserves healthy teeth structure. It’s also less invasive and more cost-effective.

Cons: Less durable and may loosen over time. Limited strength, not ideal for areas with heavy biting forces.

4. Implant-Supported Bridges

Structure: Supported by dental implants instead of natural teeth. Implants are surgically placed into the jawbone to act as anchors.

Best for: Larger gaps or cases where multiple teeth are missing.

Pros: Extremely durable and long-lasting. Prevents bone loss by stimulating the jawbone.

Cons: More invasive and time-consuming. Higher upfront cost compared to other bridges.

What is the Dental Bridge Procedure?

A procedure for a dental bridge includes the following.

1. Initial Consultation and Evaluation

The first step is a thorough dental examination. Your dentist will assess the gap left by the missing tooth or teeth, examine the health of the surrounding teeth and gums, and take X-rays or digital scans of your mouth.

During this visit, your dentist will discuss the different types of dental bridges, recommend the most suitable option, and develop a treatment plan tailored to your needs.

2. Preparation of Abutment Teeth

If you are receiving a traditional or cantilever bridge, the abutment teeth (the teeth on either side of the gap) need to be prepared. This involves reshaping these teeth by removing a small portion of their enamel to make space for the crowns that will anchor the bridge.

If a Maryland bridge is chosen, minimal preparation is required since it is bonded to the back of the adjacent teeth. For implant-supported bridges, this step is skipped, as the implants serve as the anchors.

3. Taking Impressions

After the teeth are prepared, your dentist will take an impression or digital scan of your teeth. This mould is sent to a dental laboratory, where the bridge, including the pontic(s) and crowns, is custom-made to fit your mouth precisely. In the meantime, your dentist may place a temporary bridge to protect the prepared teeth and maintain aesthetics and function.

4. Fitting and Placement

During your second visit, the permanent dental bridge is checked for fit, comfort, and appearance. Your dentist may make minor adjustments to ensure proper alignment with your bite.

Once satisfied, the bridge is cemented or bonded in place. For implant-supported bridges, this step occurs after the implants have healed and integrated with the jawbone, which can take several months.

5. Final Adjustments and Aftercare

After the bridge is placed, your dentist will provide instructions on how to care for it. You may need follow-up visits to fine-tune the fit or address any issues with bite alignment.

Maintaining proper oral hygiene, including brushing, flossing, and regular dental check-ups, is essential to prolong the life of your bridge and protect the health of your surrounding teeth and gums.

Side Effects of Dental Bridges

These are some the side effects of getting bridges on your teeth.

1. Discomfort or Sensitivity

After the procedure, some patients may experience temporary discomfort or sensitivity, especially when eating or drinking hot, cold, or sweet foods. This is typically due to the reshaping of the abutment teeth and the process of placing the bridge. T

he sensitivity can be mild and usually subsides after a few days or weeks. In some cases, it may take a little longer for the teeth to fully adjust to the new bridge, especially if the bridge is placed over a tooth that has been significantly reshaped.

2. Gum Irritation or Inflammation

It is not uncommon for the gums surrounding the dental bridge to become irritated or inflamed after the procedure.

This can happen if the bridge is not properly fitted, or if food and bacteria get trapped under the bridge. Proper oral hygiene is essential to avoid gum irritation. If the irritation persists, it’s important to visit your dentist for an adjustment.

3. Poor Fit or Bite Issues

In some cases, the bridge may not fit properly, leading to discomfort when chewing or biting. If the bite feels off or if the bridge causes difficulty when eating, it may need to be adjusted.

An ill-fitting bridge can lead to stress on surrounding teeth, jaw pain, or headaches. It’s important to have follow-up appointments with your dentist to ensure the bridge fits properly and to make any necessary adjustments.

4. Damage to Surrounding Teeth

Dental bridges require reshaping the neighbouring teeth, which means some of the natural tooth structure is removed.

This process can weaken the adjacent teeth, making them more susceptible to decay, cracks, or other issues in the long term. If the teeth are not properly maintained with good oral hygiene, they can develop cavities or other dental problems, potentially leading to the need for further treatment.

5. Bridge Loosening or Falling Out

Over time, a dental bridge may loosen or fall out, particularly if the cement holding it in place starts to wear down. This can occur due to factors like decay in the abutment teeth, improper care, or natural wear and tear. If a bridge becomes loose, it should be addressed immediately to avoid further damage to the surrounding teeth or gums.

6. Wear and Tear

Like any dental restoration, dental bridges can wear down over time, especially if they are made from materials like resin or porcelain.

The pontic (false tooth) or the crowns on the abutment teeth may show signs of wear, such as chipping or cracking. Regular dental check-ups are important to monitor the condition of the bridge and ensure it remains functional and aesthetically pleasing.

7. Allergic Reactions

While rare, some patients may experience allergic reactions to the materials used in the bridge, such as the metals in the crowns or the bonding agents.

Symptoms can include swelling, redness, or itching in the mouth. If you have a known allergy to certain materials, it’s important to discuss this with your dentist before the procedure.

In most cases, the benefits of a dental bridge outweigh these potential side effects. However, if you experience persistent or severe symptoms after your procedure, it’s crucial to contact your dentist for an evaluation and possible adjustments.

Proper care and regular check-ups can help minimise the risks and extend the lifespan of your dental bridge.

How Much do Dental Bridges Cost in South Africa?

The cost of dental bridges in South Africa can vary significantly depending on several factors, including the type of bridge, materials used, and the location of the dental clinic. On average, you can expect to pay between R5,000 and R25,000 per unit for a dental bridge.

• Traditional dental bridges typically range from R8,000 to R15,000 per unit. These are the most common type, where a pontic (false tooth) is supported by crowns on the adjacent natural teeth.
• Cantilever bridges, which are used when there’s only one adjacent tooth, also cost between R8,000 and R15,000.
• Maryland bridges, which are a more conservative option that doesn’t require crowning the adjacent teeth, usually range from R5,000 to R12,000.
• Implant-supported bridges, which are anchored by dental implants, tend to be the most expensive, with costs between R15,000 and R25,000 per unit, depending on the number of teeth being replaced.

Additional costs, such as consultations, X-rays, and temporary bridges, can add another R300 to R3,000 to the overall price​.The final cost will depend on the dentist’s expertise, materials, and the specific type of bridge chosen.